Institutional Authorities
President

Cecilia Alexandra Paredes Verduga, Ph.D.
Espol Polytechnic University, Ecuador
ORCID: 0000-0002-7857-6793
Academic Vicepresident

Paola Leonor Romero Crespo, Ph.D.
Espol Polytechnic University, Ecuador
ORCID: 0000-0002-3751-2662
Research, Development and Innovation Vicepresident

Carlos Teodoro Monsalve Arteaga, Ph.D.
Espol Polytechnic University, Ecuador
ORCID: 0000-0002-9428-4360
Editorial Board
Editor in Chief

Nayeth I. Solórzano Alcivar, Ph.D., Espol Polytechnic University, Ecuador
e-mail: nsolorza@espol.edu.ec
ORCID: 0000-0002-5642-334X
Executive Director - Coeditor

Katherine A. Salvador Cisneros, Ph.D., Espol Polytechnic University, Ecuador
e-mail: ksalvado@espol.edu.ec
ORCID: 0000-0003-0414-3597
Associate Editors

Fausto Enrique Jácome López, M.Sc., Espol Polytechnic University, Ecuador
e-mail: fjacome@espol.edu.ec
ORCID: 0000-0001-6808-7294 (Social Sciences & Management, Engineering and Technology)

Irma Abrigo Córdova, Ph.D., Universidad Nacional de Loja (National University of Loja), Ecuador
ORCID: 0000-0002-1537-6313 (Arts and Humanities, Social Sciences & Management - Spanish)

Patrick Taran, Prof., Global Migration Policy Associates, GMPA, Switzerland
ORCID: 0000-0002-9442-5725 (Social Sciences & Management - English, Spanish)

Santiago Berrezueta-Guzman, Ph.D.,
Technical University of Munich - TUM, Germany
Corporación Ecuatoriana para el Desarrollo de la Investigación y la Academia (Ecuadorian Association for the Development of the Research and the Academy) Cedia (Acronyms in Spanish), Ecuador
ORCID: 0000-0001-5559-2056 (Engineering and Technology - English, Spanish)
Section Editors

Begoña Mora Jaureguialde, Dra., Universidad de Huelva, España
ORCID: 0000-0002-3559-4318 (Arts and Humanities - Spanish)

Cristian Díaz Álvarez, Ph.D., Universidad del Meta (University of El Meta), Colombia
ORCID: 0000-0002-4212-4947 (Natural Sciences - English, Spanish)

Eduardo Jordan Pérez, Ph.D., Griffith University. Australia
ORCID: 0000-0001-5299-8501 (Social Sciences & Management - English, Spanish)

Fernando Sandoya Sánchez, Ph.D., Universidad de Guayaquil (University of Guayaquil), Ecuador
ORCID: 0000-0002-0011-4003 (Natural Sciences - English, Spanish)

Hilda Flor Paéz, M.Sc., EDUPROSER Cía. Ltda., Ecuador
ORCID: 0009-0002-7472-8494 (Arts and Humanities - English, Spanish)

Alfredo José Núñez Unda, Ph.D., University of Manitova, Canada
ORCID: 0000-0003-0913-5190 (Engineering and Technology - English, Spanish)

Marcelo Rafael Báez Meza, Ph.D., Espol Polytechnic University, Ecuador
ORCID: 0000-0002-9340-5781 (Arts and Humanities - English, Spanish)

Marco Antonio González Escudero, Dr., Universidad Central del Ecuador (Central University of Ecuador), Ecuador
ORCID: 0000-0003-4415-6579 (Life Sciences - Spanish)

Miguel Eduardo Yapur Auad, M.Sc., Espol Polytechnic University, Ecuador
ORCID: 0000-0001-6627-7908 (Engineering and Technology - Spanish)

Miriam Maricela Checa Artos, Ph.D., Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas (Armed Forces University), Ecuador
ORCID: 0000-0002-9606-7896 (Life Sciences - English, Spanish)

Ramón Espinel Martínez, Ph.D., Centro de investigaciones rurales (Rural Research Center) CIR (Acronym in Spanish), Ecuador; Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, Ecuador
ORCID: 0000-0002-4998-2063 (Life Sciences - English, Spanish)

Rosa Aurora Espinoza Toalombo, Ph.D., Universidad Estatal de Machala (State University of Machala), Ecuador
ORCID: 0000-0001-6527-1870 (Social Sciences & Management - Spanish)

Silvana del Pilar Gamboa Benitez, Ph.D., Escuela Politécnica Nacional (National Polytechnic University), Ecuador
ORCID: 0000-0001-5951-1970 (Engineering and Technology - English, Spanish)

Sylvia Novillo Villegas, Ph.D., Universidad de las Américas (University of the Americas), Ecuador
ORCID: 0000-0002-7659-6846 (Engineering and Technology - English, Spanish)

Wellington Enrique Wonsang Ureta, BS.c., San Diego State University Associates in Business Accounting, United Stated of America
ORCID: 0000-0003-3936-9705 (Social Sciences & Management - English)
Copy Editors - Spanish

Andrea Victoria Carranza García, M.Sc., Espol Polytechnic University, Ecuador
ORCID: 0000-0003-1762-4525

Diana Llamel Rodríguez Arteaga, M.Sc., Espol Polytechnic University, Ecuador
ORCID: 0000-0002-3715-181X
Copy Editors - English

Lidia Govea de Bustamante, Ph.D., Espol Polytechnic University, Ecuador
ORCID: 0000-0002-6770-1261

Maite Velez Chamaidan, Lic., Massachusetts Bay Community College, Estados Unidos
ORCID: 0009-0008-8633-818X
Advisory Board Editors

Carlos Teodoro Monsalve Arteaga, Ph.D., Espol Polytechnic University, Ecuador
ORCID: 0000-0002-9428-4360

Boris Xavier Vintimilla Burgos, Ph.D., Espol Polytechnic University, Ecuador
ORCID: 0000-0001-8904-0209

Carlos Alberto Ramos Galarza, Ph.D., Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador), Ecuador
ORCID: 0000-0001-5614-1994

Diana Carolina Coello Fiallos, Ph.D., Universidad Técnica de Ambato (Technical University of Ambato), Ecuador
ORCID: 0000-0003-3628-5004

Diego Fernando Avila Pesantez, Ph.D., Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo (Polytechnic University of Chimborazo), Ecuador
ORCID: 0000-0001-8394-5621

Elena María Fernández González, Ph.D., Universidad de Oviedo (University of Oviedo) , Spain
ORCID: 0000-0002-5683-0674

Elva Patricia Reyes Díaz, Ph.D., Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila (Autonomous University of Coahuila), Mexico
ORCID: 0000-0002-8854-0946

Ignacio Bladimir Ceron Guerra, Ph.D., Escuela Politecnica Nacional (National Polytechnic University), Ecuador
ORCID: 0000-0002-6373-9772

Isidro Fierro Ulloa, Ph.D., Universidad de Especialidades Espíritu Santo (UEES University), Ecuador
ORCID: 0000-0002-9000-6945

José Enrique Martínez-Pérez, Ph.D., Instituto Universitario de Tecnología del Estado Bolívar (Bolivar State Technological University Institute), Venezuela
ORCID: 0000-0003-3611-6390

Jorge Antonio Córdova Morán, Ph.D., Universidad Estatal de Milagro (Milagro State University), Ecuador
ORCID: 0000-0002-2730-4755

Juan José Oliveira Maurera, Ph.D., Universidad de Oriente (Oriente University), Venezuela
ORCID: 0000-0002-8474-5872

Juan Humberto Avellaneda Cevallos, Ph.D., Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo (Quevedo State Technical University), Ecuador
ORCID: 0000-0002-1805-4803

Luke Houghton, Ph.D., Griffith University, Australia
ORCID: 0000-0002-7461-6591

Manuel Raúl Peláez Samaniego, Ph.D., Universidad de Cuenca (University of Cuenca), Ecuador
ORCID: 0000-0002-7618-9474

María Del Pilar Cornejo Rodríguez, Ph.D., Espol Polytechnic University, Ecuador
ORCID: 0000-0003-4198-2904

María Genoveva Espinoza-Santeli, Ph.D., Universidad Andina Simón Bolívar (Simon Bolivar Andean University), Ecuador
ORCID: 0000-0002-2347-9507

Olga Kadysheva, Ph.D., Global Migration Policy Associates, GMPA, Switzerland
ORCID: 0000-0002-4810-8964

Patricia A. Boeri, Ph.D., Universidad Nacional de Río Negro (Rio Negro National University), Argentina
ORCID: 0000-0003-3262-8030

Raquel Miroslava Tinoco Egas, Ph.D., Universidad Técnica de Machala (Machala Technical University), Ecuador
ORCID: 0000-0001-5979-8123

Stanislaus Albert-Georg Sonnenholzner, Ph.D., Centro Nacional de Acuicultura e Investigaciones Marinas (National Center for Aquaculture and Marine Research), Ecuador
ORCID: 0000-0002-5723-3994
Communication, Publication, and Technical Management
Dissemination and Communication

José Arturo Maldonado Moncayo, Social Communication and Public Affairs Management, Espol Polytechnic University, Ecuador

José Luis Castro Zambrano, M.Sc., Espol Polytechnic University, Ecuador
Design and Layout
