Este exhaustivo informe identifica algunos desafíos contemporáneos clave para los derechos humanos, el desarrollo y la gobernanza de la migración internacional como un fenómeno humano, social, económico, político y ambiental. Parte de la premisa de que la migración tiene que ver fundamentalmente con el desarrollo, los derechos humanos y el bienestar social, y muestra que la movilidad laboral y de habilidades es clave para mantener la viabilidad de las fuerzas laborales y las economías y para obtener el rendimiento del capital en una economía globalizada. Señala que más del 90 por ciento de la migración actual genera resultados en el empleo y la actividad económica de los migrantes. El desarrollo sostenible en todas las regiones, depende de la migración. En el artículo se discute los imperativos estructurales y sistémicos de la movilidad de las personas en todo el mundo e identifica 20 desafíos legales, políticos y prácticos para el desarrollo económico y social, los derechos humanos, el bienestar de las personas y la gobernanza. El artículo reitera el amplio marco legal internacional para la gobernanza de la migración y revisa los marcos de políticas globales relevantes: la Agenda de Desarrollo Sostenible 2030 de la ONU y la Nueva Agenda Urbana. La discusión aborda la explotación abusiva de los migrantes frente a las lagunas en la protección legal; las disputas entre el capital y el trabajo en la desregulación que afecta a los trabajadores migrantes; los peligros de la xenofobia; la especificidad de género en la migración; las restricciones en el acceso a la seguridad social para los migrantes; los desafíos para el bienestar social y familiar; las crecientes limitaciones en materia de habilidades y capacitación, y el impacto de la pandemia de COVID-19 y las medidas de respuesta a menudo inapropiadas. Se plantea el cambio de régimen hacia el control migratorio desregulador, y se mencionan las preocupaciones del Pacto Mundial sobre la Migración. Una Agenda de Acción integral describe las líneas políticas y las acciones prácticas para una gobernanza de la migración basada en los derechos, económicamente sostenible y socialmente responsable. Este artículo y la agenda de acción se basan en la intervención plenaria del autor ante la Consulta Parlamentaria Mundial sobre Migración Internacional celebrada en Rabat, Marruecos, en diciembre de 2018.
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
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