La innovación constante de tecnologías para generar energía eléctrica mediante el uso de recursos renovables ha permitido que en los últimos años pueda ser competitiva con las tecnologías tradicionales hasta el punto de ser una gran opción en sistemas a gran escala. Actualmente, las nuevas tecnologías fotovoltaicas permiten obtener mayores eficiencias de conversión de energía, a la vez que reducen costos con la implementación de nuevos materiales, siendo este último criterio primordial para su posterior implementación a gran escala. Este artículo presenta una revisión de la literatura sobre la evolución tecnológica de generación solar fotovoltaica, evaluando y analizando únicamente artículos publicados en el periodo 2013-2023, mediante la metodología PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews, por sus siglas en inglés). De un total de 307 artículos identificados en prestigiosas bases de datos como Science Direct, IEEEXplore y Scopus, se ha seleccionado sistemáticamente y se ha revisado un subconjunto de 12 artículos científicos acorde a determinados criterios de inclusión y exclusión definidos por los investigadores. La síntesis del contenido de los artículos seleccionados revela que las tecnologías emergentes: células de multi-unión, de perovskita, células solares orgánicas y celdas de heterounión de película delgada, han logrado superar la eficiencia de las células solares convencionales y presentar precios más competitivos en pos facilitar la expansión de sistemas fotovoltaicos en múltiples aplicaciones.
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
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