Ciudades y la migración: estudio integral de las ciudades que acogen a migrantes y refugiados

Olga Kadysheva
Resumen

En el mundo globalizado actual de movilidad internacional, la migración es un factor importante que contribuye a la urbanización. Las ciudades juegan un papel crucial en la acogida de migrantes y refugiados y en su integración con las sociedades locales. Las ciudades son espacios para la recepción de refugiados e inmigrantes, la protección de los derechos y la inclusión en las comunidades locales. La migración representa desafíos importantes para la gobernanza de las ciudades, la cohesión social y la realización de los derechos humanos para todos. Este documento se basa y describe el proyecto de investigación en curso de la UNESCO-ECCAR-GMPA-Marianna V. Vardinoyannis Foundation sobre 'Ciudades que acogen a refugiados y migrantes' lanzado en mayo de 2016. El proyecto de investigación de 6 años analizó experiencias, políticas y prácticas contemporáneas de las ciudades. con un enfoque particular en Europa. Este documento analiza el proyecto de investigación, su metodología, los tipos clave de datos, los documentos y la literatura revisada, y los hallazgos clave. Este documento evalúa la trilogía de preguntas de investigación: cómo obtener conocimiento y evaluación del lugar, la política y la práctica de las ciudades que acogen a migrantes y refugiados; si existen enfoques y políticas comunes que hagan referencia a valores y derechos; y los enfoques, las políticas y las prácticas comunes representan un marco coherente basado en valores en varias ciudades de Europa. El estudio de las experiencias de la ciudad muestra una agenda de ciudad de acogida en gran parte común con respecto a la recepción e integración de refugiados y migrantes. Los resultados de la investigación destacan que los valores deliberados y el enfoque basado en los derechos son la base de una ciudad acogedora.

DESCARGAS
Los datos de descarga aún no están disponibles.
Cómo citar
Ciudades y la migración: estudio integral de las ciudades que acogen a migrantes y refugiados. (2022). Revista Tecnológica - ESPOL, 34(1), 170-192. https://doi.org/10.37815/rte.v34n1.919
Biografía del autor/a

Olga Kadysheva, Global Migration Policy Associates, GMPA

Olga V. Kadysheva has a Candidate of Science in Economics degree (PhD equivalent) and is university lecturer, researcher and tutor with 12 years of professional experience at Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, the leading university in the sphere of economic education in Russia, where she was Associate Professor at Economic Theory Department. She was involved in course development and delivering courses both in Russian and in English for bachelor and master students on: Micro- and Macroeconomics; International Economics and International Economic Relations; Resource Specialization and Competitiveness of Russian Economy (author’s specialized course); Macroeconomic regulation, Macroeconomic forecasting and planning, and Government Policy of Socio-Economic Development of Russia.

She is author of more than 30 published scientific research papers, including chapters in monographs and articles in economic journals and books of international conferences. Her expertise includes socio-economic aspects of migration, labour migration, migration governance, and migration and development on the local, national and global levels.

Since 2013 she has collaborated with Global Migration Policy Associates (GMPA), in 2015 became an Associate and has been Acting Secretary since 2018. She provided technical support to GMPA teams in working on research, advisory and policy guidelines projects, in 2021 on GMPA-ILO (International Labour Organization) /JLMP (Joint Labour Migration Programme for Development and Integration in Africa) project “Preparation of AU (African Union) guidelines on BLAs” (Bilateral Labour Agreements) and in 2020 on the GMPA-implemented IGAD regional guidelines for a rights-based approach to bilateral labour agreements under the IGAD/ILO Project “Free Movement of Persons and Transhumance in the IGAD Region”.

She is co-author of the UNESCO–ECCAR-GMPA book Cities Welcoming Refugees and Migrants: Enhancing effective urban governance in an age of migration (2016); the Caritas Europa report Common Home: Migration and Development in Europe and beyond (2019) and the UNESCO Handbook on Cities Welcoming Migrants and Refugees: Rights, Inclusion, Integration, Sustainability (forthcoming 2022). Recent publications: Kadysheva, O. (2022). Cities and migration: comprehensive study of cities welcoming migrants and refugees; and Taran, P. & Kadysheva, O. (2022). COVID-19, Migrants, Refugees, Mobile Workers: Global Assessment and Action Agenda.

She is a Visiting Professor at Geneva School of Diplomacy & International Relations, Switzerland, currently teaching a course International Migration: Current Challenges and Policy Responses.

Referencias

Bravo, J. (2018). Sustainable Cities, Human Mobility and International Migration. Presentation at the 51st session of the Commission on Population and Development. Briefing for Member States, New York, 28 February 2018. www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/commission/pdf/51/briefing/Introduction_of_the_report_Jorge_Bravo_28Feb2018.pdf

Brown, A. and Kristiansen, A. (2009). Urban Policies and the Right to the City. Rights, Responsibilities and Citizenship. MOST-2 Policy Papers series. UNESCO/UN-HABITAT. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000178090.

Çağlar, A. (2014). Urban Migration Trends, Challenges and Opportunities in Europe. Background paper for the World Migration Report 2015. International Organization for Migration. www.iom.int/sites/default/files/our_work/ICP/MPR/WMR-2015-Background-Paper-ACaglar.pdf.

Caritas Europa (2016). Migrants & Refugees Have Rights! Impact of EU policies on accessing protection. Brussels: Caritas Europa. https://www.caritas.eu/migrants-and-refugees-have-rights/

Caritas Europa (2019). Common Home: Migration and Development in Europe and beyond. Researched and written by Olga Kadysheva, Patrick Taran, and Piyasiri Wickramasekara (GMPA); Luisa Fondello, Davide Gnes, and Shannon Pfohman (Caritas Europa). Caritas Europa, Brussels. https://www.caritas.eu/common-home-eu/

Cities of Migration (2012). Good Ideas from Successful Cities: Municipal Leadership on Immigrant Integration. Maytree Foundation. httyp://maytree.com

City of Vienna (2021). Vienna’s population 2021 - facts and figures on migration and integration. https://www.wien.gv.at/english/social/integration/facts-figures/population-migration.html

ECCAR (2015). Final Declaration of the 7th ECCAR General Conference ‘Welcoming cities – keys for an anti-racist culture’, Karlsruhe, 8–9 October 2015. www.eccar.info/sites/default/files/document/4c_ECCAR

Eurocities (2016). Refugee Reception and Integration in Cities. March 2016. https://nws.eurocities.eu/MediaShell/media/RefugeeReport_final.pdf

European Commission (2021). Statistics on migration to Europe. https://ec.europa.eu/info/strategy/priorities-2019-2024/promoting-our-european-way-life/statistics-migration-europe_en

Eurostat (2021). Asylum statistics https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Asylum_statistics

Eurostat (2021). Migration and migrant population statistics. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Migration_and_migrant_population_statistics

Eurostat (2021). Personal remittances statistics. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Personal_remittances_statistics

Glick Schiller, N. and Çağlar, A. 2010. Locating Migration: Rescaling Cities and Migrants. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.

Gomes da Silva, K. (2018). The new urban agenda and human rights cities: Interconnections between the global and the local. Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights. Vol. 36, No. 4, pp. 290–310. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0924051918806721

ILO (2010). International Labour Migration. A Rights-based Approach. Geneva: ILO. https://www.ilo.org/global/publications/books/WCMS_125361/lang--en/index.htm

ILO (2017). Promoting a Rights-based Approach to Migration, Health, and HIV and AIDS: A Framework for Action. Geneva: ILO. www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---dgreports/---gender/documents/publication/wcms_605763.pdf.

ILO (2021). Global Estimates on International Migrant Workers, Results and Methodology. Third edition. International Labour Office – Geneva: ILO. https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/@dgreports/@dcomm/@publ/documents/publication/wcms_808935.pdf

ILO/IOM/OHCHR (2001). International Migration, Racism, Discrimination and Xenophobia. Geneva: ILO/IOM/OHCHR. www2.ohchr.org/english/issues/migration/taskforce/docs/wcar.pdf.

IOM (2015). World Migration Report 2015: Migrants and Cities: New Partnerships to Manage Mobility. https://publications.iom.int/system/files/wmr2015_en.pdf

IPU/ILO/OHCHR. 2015. Migration, Human Rights and Governance. Handbook for Parliamentarians No. 24. Geneva: Inter-Parliamentary Union/International Labour Organization/Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights. http://archive.ipu.org/PDF/publications/migration-en.pdf.

Juzwiak, T. 2014. Migrant and Refugee Integration in Global Cities: The Role of Cities and Businesses: Case Study Rotterdam. The Hague Process on Refugees and Migration (THP). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/308035513_Rotterdam_The_Netherlands_A_Case_Study_from_Migrant_and_Refugee_Integration_in_Global_Cities_The_Role_of_Cities_and_Businesses

Juzwiak, T., McGregor, E. and Siegel, M. 2014. Migrant and Refugee Integration in Global Cities: The Role of Cities and Businesses. The Hague Process on Refugees and Migration (THP), United Nations University, Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (UNU-MERIT), Maastricht Graduate School of Governance (MGSoG). https://thp.merit.unu.edu/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/MigrantRefugeeIntegrationGlobalCities.pdf.

Mayoral Forum. 2014. Call of Barcelona. Mayoral Forum on Mobility, Migration and Development, Barcelona, 19–20 June 2014. http://www.migration4development.org/sites/m4d.emakina-eu.net/files/call_of_barcelona_- _mayoral_forum_on_mobility_migration_and_development_1.pdf

Mayoral Forum. 2015. The Local Agenda on Migration and Development. The Second Mayoral Forum on Mobility, Migration and Development, Quito Outcome Document. Quito, Ecuador, 12–13 November 2015. http://migration4development.org/sites/default/files/en_-_quito_outcome_document_-_final_revised_version_0.pdf

OECD (2011). Perspectives on Global Development 2012: Social Cohesion in a Shifting World. Paris: OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/persp_glob_dev-2012-en

OECD (2019). International Migration Outlook 2019. OECD Publishing, Paris. https://doi.org/10.1787/c3e35eec-en

OECD (2020). International Migration Outlook 2020. https://doi.org/10.1787/ec98f531-en

OECD/European Commission (2020). Cities in the World: A New Perspective on Urbanisation, OECD Urban Studies, OECD Publishing, Paris. https://doi.org/10.1787/d0efcbda-en

Price, M. (2014). Cities Welcoming Immigrants: Local Strategies to Attract and Retain Immigrants in U.S. Metropolitan Areas. Background paper for World Migration Report 2015. Geneva: IOM.

Price, M. and Chacko, E. (2012). Migrants’ Inclusion in Cities: Innovative Urban Policies and Practices. Conference Paper prepared for UN-Habitat and UNESCO. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/272023289_Migrants%27_Inclusion_in_Cities_Innovative_Urban_Policies_and_Practices_Prepared_for_UN-Habitat_and_UNESCO_Marie_Price_and_Elizabeth_Chacko

Taran, P. and O. Kadysheva (2022, forthcoming). Handbook on Cities Welcoming Migrants and Refugees: Rights, Inclusion, Integration, Sustainability. UNESCO-ECCAR-GMPA.

Taran, P., Neves de Lima, G. and Kadysheva, O. 2016. Cities Welcoming Refugees and Migrants: Enhancing effective urban governance in an age of migration. UNESCO/Marianna V. Vardinoyannis Foundation/European Coalition of Cities against Racism. Paris: UNESCO Publishing. http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0024/002465/246558e.pdf.

UN General Assembly (2018a). Global Compact on Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration. UN General Assembly Resolution A/RES/73/195 adopted on 19 December 2018. New York: United Nations. https://www.un.org/en/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/RES/73/195

UN General Assembly (2018b). Resolution on the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (text of Global Compact on Refugees). Adopted 17 December 2018 by the UN General Assembly. In UNGA document A/73/583 pp 13-21. New York: United Nations. https://undocs.org/en/A/73/583

UNDESA (2014). World Urbanization Prospects. United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/publications/2014-revision-world-urbanization-prospects.html

UNDESA (2020). International Migration 2020 Highlights. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. https://www.un.org/development/desa/pd/news/international-migration-2020

UNESCO (2019). Global Education Monitoring Report: Migration, Displacement, and Education: Building Bridges not Walls. Paris: UNESCO Publishing. https://en.unesco.org/gem-report/report/2019/migration

UN-Habitat (2016). World Cities Report 2016: Urbanization and Development -Emerging Futures. https://unhabitat.org/world-cities-report

UN-Habitat (2020a). What is a city? United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat). https://unhabitat.org/sites/default/files/2020/06/city_definition_what_is_a_city.pdf

UN-Habitat (2020b). World Cities Report 2020. The Value of Sustainable Urbanization. United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat). https://unhabitat.org/sites/default/files/2020/10/wcr_2020_report.pdf

UNHCR (2021). Global Trends. Forced Displacement in 2020. https://www.unhcr.org/60b638e37/unhcr-global-trends-2020

United Nations Conference on Housing and Sustainable Urban Development (2016). The New Urban Agenda. (Habitat III), Quito, Ecuador. http://uploads.habitat3.org/hb3/NUA-English.pdf

United Nations Conference on Housing and Sustainable Urban Development (2017). Habitat III Policy Papers: Policy Paper 1 The Right to the City and Cities for All. New York: United Nations. https://uploads.habitat3.org/hb3/Habitat%20III%20Policy%20Paper%201.pdf

United Nations General Assembly (2015). Transforming our world: 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. UN General Assembly Resolution 70/1. https://sdgs.un.org/2030agenda

WHO (2018). Health promotion for improved refugee and migrant health. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2018 (Technical guidance on refugee and migrant health). https://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/388363/tc-health-promotion-eng.pdf

WHO (2019). Promoting the health of refugees and migrants. Draft global action plan, 2019–2023 Report by the Director-General. 25 April 2019. https://apps.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/WHA72/A72_25-en.pdf

World Cities Culture Forum (n.d.). Foreign born population. www.worldcitiescultureforum.com/data/foreign-born-population

Artículos similares

También puede Iniciar una búsqueda de similitud avanzada para este artículo.